In the past decade, one third of the incidents of political violence that have caused casualties in the region have taken place within 50-km of a land border. Inhabitants of small and medium‑sized towns in the Lake Chad basin have been the main victims of this political violence. The Boko Haram massacres and the reprisals by the Nigerian army in Nigeria (Baga, Bama, Damasak, Gamboru, Madagali and Rann), Cameroon (Amchidé, Fotokol and Tourou), and Niger (Bosso and Diffa) weigh heavily. The Liptako‑Gourma area is the second epicenter of border violence due to the spill over of the Malian conflict into Burkina Faso, Niger and Benin. The most numerous attacks affect the provinces of Soum, Louroum and Soutou in Burkina Faso, the far north of the Tillabéri region in Niger, the administrative areas of Bankass, Douentza and Koto on the edges of Mali’s Dogon country, as well as the region stretching from Ansongo‑Ménaka to Abderamboukane in Mali.